What have been the impacts of World Bank Community-Driven Development Programs? CDD impact evaluation review and operational and research implications (الانكليزية)

Governments and the World Bank have very few tools to reach large numbers of the poor directly, particularly in the context of weak or fragile states, in post conflict and post disaster environments, or in areas with poor track records of service delivery... انظر المزيد + Governments and the World Bank have very few tools to reach large numbers of the poor directly, particularly in the context of weak or fragile states, in post conflict and post disaster environments, or in areas with poor track records of service delivery within the bureaucracy. Community driven development (CDD) potentially constitutes an important approach in the repertoire of development interventions because it is designed to place less stress on government line agencies by optimizing the use of community actors, yet at the same time reach very large numbers of poor people. Determining whether this approach is worth supporting requires rigorous evaluation to assess CDD's effectiveness in various settings. And if it does work, how can we strengthen its ability to deliver results as a second generation of CDD programs begins to emerge? This study aims to explore these issues. The study's objectives are to (a) summarize and analyze impact evaluation results of World Bank CDD programs over the past 25 years, and (b) describe critical operational and research implications of these findings. This study aims to generate knowledge in answering key development impact questions for CDD programs and by doing so, to improve the quality of operations using evidence?based approaches. This study differs from earlier reports in several important respects. First, the study team has updated the data sets, focusing especially but not exclusively on the latest generation of CDD impact evaluations from 2003 onwards. Several of the evaluations were completed in the last five years and thus were not covered in earlier summary reports. Second, whereas some recent reports (such as Mansuri and Rao, forthcoming) cover a very broad range of topics under the heading of 'participatory development approaches' including elections, decentralization, and school?based management it is worth fractionating out and understanding more about a specific approach to participation from within the overall participatory approach universe, that is World Bank?supported CDD programs. This study thus focuses much more narrowly on this specific subset of CDD and its impact evaluation findings. Third, as mentioned above, this paper attempts to focus more than past studies on contextual factors and the operational implications of the findings.  رؤية أقل ـ