Ratings for the Zanzibar Basic Education Improvement Project for Tanzania were as follows: outcomes were moderately unsatisfactory, the risk to global environment outcome was substantial, the Bank performance was moderately unsatisfactory, and the Borrower performance was moderately satisfactory.
... انظر المزيد + Some lessons learned included: revisit assumptions made during appraisal on a regular basis, listen to feed-back and, in response, restructure rather early than late. There were feed-back loops, and red flags did in fact show indicating that results achievement was not on track - but they were put aside in favor of other priorities: The challenges the project faced in matching the anticipated results chain could have been addressed at a time when a turnaround would still have been possible. The impact of a changes or additions to the results framework is negligible, when they come in a late stage such as the last year of implementation. One of the more structural issues this project suffered from might be related to a comparative marginalization vis-a-vis interventions on the mainland: compared to operations in education and other sectors in mainland Tanzania, this was a rather small project, on an island separated physically and politically from the mainland. Perhaps due to its relative isolation and the sensitive political economy between the Tanzania federal government and Zanzibar, the project did not receive the assistance it needed from the mainland government, (at least not in the early stages of project implementation).
رؤية أقل ـ
تقرير إنجاز تنفيذ ونتائج المشروع ICR3150 JUL 14, 2014
The objective of the Sustainable Management of Mineral Resources Project is to strengthen the Government of Tanzania's capacity to manage the mineral sector to improve the socioeconomic impacts of mining for Tanzania and Tanzanians and enhance private local and foreign investment.
... انظر المزيد + It has three main aspects: (i) socioeconomic impacts; (ii) Government capacity; and (iii) investment. The changes include: reallocating the funds from dropped activities to scale up or support existing activities which have become a major policy priority: these include expanding the benefits component to empower Tanzanians to become active in mining and to address public perceptions that the socio-economic impact mining sector is not adequate. The closing date of the project will be extended by one year from June 30, 2014 to June 30, 2015.
رؤية أقل ـ
This fifth economic update also examines prospects for economic prosperity in the context of rapid urbanization; in particular, how the growth of cities can be harnessed to create productive jobs for a labor force that is expected to double in the next 15 years.
... انظر المزيد + By 2030, Dar es Salaam will be a mega city of over 10 million people. As demonstrated by many countries in the world, cities encourage the creation and expansion of businesses by reducing distances between suppliers and customers. Can Dar es Salaam and other Tanzanian urban areas become thriving cities? Can they avoid becoming metropolis slums? Urbanization comes with significant challenges, notably in terms of increased pressure on infrastructure, housing, and service provision. The quality of the business climate in urban Tanzania will need to be improved, as most small and large entrepreneurs suffer from the uncertainty, corruption, and insecurity that characterize the business environment. This economic update argues that these challenges need to be addressed with a sense of urgency.
رؤية أقل ـ
The objective of the Sustainable Management of Mineral Resources Project is to strengthen the Government of Tanzania's capacity to manage the mineral sector to improve the socioeconomic impacts of mining for Tanzania and Tanzanians and enhance private local and foreign investment.
... انظر المزيد + It has three main aspects: (i) socioeconomic impacts; (ii) Government capacity; and (iii) investment. The changes include: reallocating the funds from dropped activities to scale up or support existing activities which have become a major policy priority: these include expanding the benefits component to empower Tanzanians to become active in mining and to address public perceptions that the socio-economic impact mining sector is not adequate. The closing date of the project will be extended by one year from June 30, 2014 to June 30, 2015.
رؤية أقل ـ
The development objectives of the Science and Technology Higher Education Project (STHEP) for Tanzania are: (i) to increase the quantity and quality of higher education graduates, with special emphasis on science, technology, and education; and (ii) to lay the foundations for improved responsiveness of tertiary education to the labor market.
... انظر المزيد + The additional credit will provide an 18-month financing to support the Government of Tanzania (GoT) to: (i) implement remaining activities under STHEP-1 which cannot be fully completed due to a credit loss of United States (U.S.) 6.6 million dollars arising from exchange rate fluctuations over the implementation period; (ii) pilot two programs to sustain the momentum of key reforms in science teacher training and performance-based financing in higher education that were initiated under STHEP-1; and (iii) develop a strategy and operational plan for human capital and skills development at the tertiary level in priority growth areas. The additional financing (AF) will maintain the original STHEP-1 components with two sets of activities. One is for the existing activities that are affected by the credit loss and need financial support for completion. The other is for new activities that help to pilot the reforms introduced by STHEP-1 and make the tertiary education system more responsive to the labor market demand.
رؤية أقل ـ
The objective of the Big Results Now in Education Program (BRNEd) Project is to improve education quality in Tanzanian primary and secondary schools.
... انظر المزيد + Progress towards the achievement of project development objective, or PDO will be measured through the following indicators: (i) national average performance of grade two students in reading (measured by Kiswahili oral reading fluency); (ii) national average performance of grade two students in numeracy (measured by competency in level one subtraction); (iii) percentage of teachers found in classrooms during unannounced visit in primary and secondary schools; and (iv) percentage of teachers with minimum knowledge in Mathematics and Languages in primary schools. Improvements in student performance on Primary School Leaving Examination, or PSLE and Certificate of Secondary Education Examination, or CSEE examinations will be a higher order objective of the program. These are key results indicators of the overall BRNEd program but are considered unsuitable for inclusion as PDO indicators due to concerns around attribution, realism, and volatility. They will, however, be tracked closely throughout the life of the program and technical assistance will be directed towards development of National Assessment Framework which will lead to strengthening the test items, grading policy, data decomposition within the PSLE and CSEE assessment systems.
رؤية أقل ـ
This paper revisits the extent of seasonality in African livelihoods, which has disappeared from Africa's development debate. Through econometric analysis of monthly food price series across 100 locations in three countries during 2000-12, it is shown that seasonal movements in maize wholesale prices explain 20 (Tanzania, Uganda) to 40 (Malawi) percent of their monthly volatility.
... انظر المزيد + Monthly maize peak prices are on average 30 (Tanzania, Uganda) to 50 (Malawi) percent higher than their monthly troughs and two to three times higher than the seasonal gaps observed for white maize at the South African Futures Exchange. Furthermore, household food consumption is found to inversely track food prices in each country, decreasing when staple prices increase and increasing when they decline. Clearly, (excess) seasonality in African food markets and consumption persists, necessitating policy attention.
رؤية أقل ـ
ورقة عمل خاصة ببحوث السياسات WPS6907 JUN 01, 2014
Kaminski, Jonathan; Christiaensen, Luc; Gilbert, Christopher L.
This paper reports on a randomized field experiment that uses price incentives to address economic and gender inequality in land tenure formalization.
... انظر المزيد + During the 1990s and 2000s, nearly two dozen African countries proposed de jure land reforms extending access to formal, freehold land tenure to millions of poor households. Many of these reforms stalled. Titled land remains the de facto preserve of wealthy households and, within households, men. Beginning in 2010, the study tested whether price instruments alone can generate greater inclusion by offering formal titles to residents of a low-income, unplanned settlement in Dar es Salaam at a range of subsidized prices, as well as additional price incentives to include women as owners or co-owners of household land. Estimated price elasticities of demand confirm that prices -- rather than other implementation failures or features of the titling regime -- are a key obstacle to broader inclusion in the land registry, and that some degree of pro-poor price discrimination is justified even from a narrow budgetary perspective. In terms of gender inequality, the study finds that even small price incentives for female co-titling achieve almost complete gender parity in land ownership with no reduction in demand.
رؤية أقل ـ
ورقة عمل خاصة ببحوث السياسات WPS6908 JUN 01, 2014
Ali, Daniel Ayalew; Collin, Matthew; Deininger, Klaus; Dercon, Stefan; Sandefur, Justin; Zeitlin, Andrew