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Fragmentation, incomes, and jobs : an analysis of European competitiveness (الإنجليزية)

Increasing fragmentation of production across borders is changing the nature of international competition. As a result, conventional indicators of competitiveness based on gross exports are becoming less informative and new measures are needed. This paper proposes an ex-post accounting framework of the value added and workers that are directly and indirectly related to the production of final manufacturing goods. The framework focuses on manufactures...
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نسخة رسمية من الوثيقة (قد تضم توقيعات، الخ)


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