The presence of female top managers in the private sector signals the existence of high paying jobs for women and also serves as further encouragement for other women to seek better employment. This note...
A recent survey of unregistered or informal firms in Argentina and Peru shows that about 74 percent of the owners have a secondary or higher education. This note compared firms by the education level of...
Recent studies suggest that consumer-household attributes may be as important in determining the level of competition in certain markets as firm characteristics and the number of firms. However, evidence...
Some informal or unregistered businesses are established to take advantage of business opportunities (opportunity firms) while others are established because the owner cannot find a satisfactory job (necessity...
From a sample of informal firms in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cote d'Ivoire, Madagascar and Mauritius, this note compares male, and female-owned businesses. The author test a number of hypotheses...
The retail and wholesale sector in India is one of the largest sectors, contributing 14 percent to the national Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and 10 percent to formal employment. The sector has also shown...
A comparison of service and manufacturing firms in the informal or unregistered sector in Cote d'Ivoire, Madagascar and Mauritius shows that service firms are larger in terms of total sales and also generate...
Differences between opportunity and necessity firms within the informal sector have long been debated. This paper revisits this debate using a new dataset of informal firms in three African countries...
Existing studies show that crime is more rampant in the larger cities and that wealthier individuals are more often targeted. Using enterprise surveys data for 14 Latin American countries, the author find...
There is a large literature that finds that common law countries perform better than civil law countries in various aspects of the institutional environment. The present paper extends these findings to...
A new dataset of 1,948 retail stores in India shows that 27 percent of the stores find labor regulations as a problem for their business. Using these data, author analyzes the effect of labor regulations...
The paper analyzes the effect of product market competition on the average productivity of labor in India's retail sector. The author use a new dataset of 1,948 retail stores located in 41 cities of India...
The paper analyzes migration from Zambia in order to understand how migration policy can support development in the least developed countries. Overall emigration from Zambia is not high by regional standards...
Recent empirical research has focused on the role of institutions in overall economic performance. This paper examines the impact of institutions on the relative performance of the service sector. Through...